The information in DNA is not directly converted into proteins, but must first be copied into RNA. Proteins are produced through the processes of DNA transcription and translation. Transfer RNA are a necessary component of translation, the biological synthesis of new proteins in accordance with the genetic code. Thr: Threonine Trp: Tryptophan Tyr: Tyrosine Val: Valine Met: Methionine Phe: Phenylalanine Pro: Proline Ser: Serine His: Histidine Ile: Isoleucine Leu: Leucine Lys: Lysine The abbreviations and names of all 20 amino acids are listed below.Īla: Alanine Arg: Arginine Asn: Asparagine Asp: Aspartic acidĬys: Cysteine Glu: Glutamic acid Gln: Glutamine Gly: Glycine Reading the table, if uracil (U) is in the first codon position, adenine (A) in the second, and cytosine (C) in the third, the codon UAC specifies the amino acid tyrosine. The RNA codon table above lists codon combinations and their designated amino acids. For example, the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU, and AGC all specify the amino acid serine. Multiple codons may also specify the same amino acid. The codon AUG codes for the amino acid methionine and serves as a start signal for the beginning of translation. Sixty-one codons specify amino acids and three (UAA, UAG, UGA) serve as stop signals to designate the end of protein synthesis. Therefore, there are 64 possible codon combinations. Any of the four nucleotides in RNA may occupy one of three possible codon positions. The order of the bases in the codon sequence determines the amino acid that is to be produced. RNA codons designate specific amino acids.

Dna sequence chart